1. Ho qhibiliha ha metsi

Hobane ho na le tlamo ea polar N → 0 ka har'a molek'hule ea amine oxide, 'me motsotso oa dipole ke 4.38D, kompone e na le litšobotsi tsa polarity e phahameng le ntlha e phahameng ea ho qhibiliha. E qhibiliha habonolo ho solvents ea polar joalo ka metsi le joala bo tlase, empa e thata ho qhibiliha bakeng sa li-solvent tse seng polar tse kang oli ea diminerale le benzene.

Ka tharollo ea metsi, amine oxide e teng ka bongata ka mokhoa oa hydrate (R1R2R3NO · XH2O), empa ka phetoho ea boleng ba pH, polarity e tla fetoha. Mohlala, ka tharollo ea alkaline e nang le pH> 7, haholo-holo ke anionic surfactant. . Leha ho le joalo, ka tharollo ea asiti ho pH <3, li-oxide tsa amine li fumaneha haholo ka sebopeho sa li-cations [R1R2R3NOH] +. Tharollo ea metsi ea amine oxide e na le thepa e fokolang ea oxidizing, 'me e sebelisoa ho litlolo ho etsa letlalo le soeufale.

2. Ketsahalo ea bokaholimo

(1) Bokaholimo tsitsipano: Kamora ho eketsa amine oxide e, tsitsipano ea metsi e tla fokotsoa haholo. Mohlala, tsitsipano ea metsi a hloekileng ke 72.80 × 10-3N / m. Tsitsipano holim 'a mahloriso mahlonoko tseo ho leng micelle (cmc) ya di-oxide tse fapa-fapaneng amine ke ka 30 × 10-3N / limithara. Ho cmc, tsitsipano ea bokaholimo ea amine oxide e tlase haholo ho feta ea letsoai la quaternary ammonium, ka hona ts'ebetso ea bokaholimo ba amine oxide e betere ho feta ea letsoai la quaternary ammonium.

(2) Ho silafatsa: Ha amine oxide e kopantsoe le AES kapa AS, e na le tšusumetso e lumellanang le ho tlosa litšila, empa ha e kopantsoe le LAS, phello ea eona ea tšebelisano ha e ntle. Sehlahisoa sa ho hlatsoa lipstick se sebelisa mafura a mafura a 12% (C12: C18 = 12: 1), 13% e sa sebeliseng li-ionic, 12% LAS. Haeba palo e itseng ea amine oxide e eketsoa, ​​phello ea ho hloekisa e tla ba ntle haholo.

(3) Matla a emulsifying: Matla a emulsifying ke sesupo sa ho metha boleng ba li-emulsifiers. Mohlala, emulsify the amine oxide aqueous solution le petroleum solvent tlasa maemo a tšoanang ho 70 ° C, ebe u bona phetoho ea molumo kamora emulsification. Liphetho li bonts'a hore ho li-homologs tsa amine oxide, matla a emulsification a eketseha ka keketseho ea palo ea kh'abone ea sehlopha sa alkyl sa ketane e telele. Tšobotsi e 'ngoe ea amine oxide e le emulsifier ke hore e ka emulsify ka mefuta e fapaneng ea litekanyetso tsa pH, haholo mecheng ea litaba e nang le asiti, e ka tsamaellana le li-quaternary ammonium cations joalo ka li-preservatives le bactericides, eseng feela e ke keng ea thibela Ts'ebetso ea anti-ts'enyeho ea e bolokang, mme e ka ntlafatsa tšebetso ea eona e khahlanong le ts'enyeho, e ke keng ea fihleloa ke baetsi ba bang ba se nang ionic.

(4) Ho tsitsisa lehulo le foam: Amine oxide ke sesebelisoa se matlafatsang haholo sa foam, se atisang ho sebelisoa ho lisebelisoa tsa ho hlatsoetsa kapa ho hlatsoetsa lijana. Sehlahisoa se nang le litekanyetso tsa 1% ho ea ho 5% se na le ts'ebetso e bonolo, ha se na ho teneha mahlong, le ho hanyetsa metsi a thata. E na le ts'ebetso e ntle, mme foam e phahame ka metsing a thata ka pH = 9, 300mg / kg. Ha mafura a joala a sodium sulfate (AS) a kopantsoe le amine oxide, foam e tletse ebile e tsitsitse, leha ho na le mafura, e ke ke ea fetoha. Ka hona, hangata e sebelisoa hammoho le li-anionic active agents tse kang LAS, AS, AES, SAS, jj., 'Me e na le phello e ntle ea ho thibela ho halefa. Foam e hlahisoang ke amine oxide e na le maikutlo a boreleli mme e sebelisoa haholo ho li-shampoo le lihlahisoa tsa shaoara.

(5) Thickening effect: Amine oxide has a good thickening effect. For example, the mass fraction of amine oxide mixed with AES (1:9) is 15% active substance solution (the following% are all mass fractions), in an acid medium , Even with little salt, the thickening effect is obvious, and it is mild and has good conditioning. Amine oxide 4.5%, AES 8.5%, NaCl 4%, pH=8, viscosity (20°C) up to 7Pa·s, cloud point <-5°C, but for the solubilization and thickening of shampoo, the carbon atom is preferably C14. The thickening effect of amine oxide can also be used in high alkaline bleach (9% C12, 0.5% NaOH, 4% Na2CO3, a small amount of amine oxide), 10% HCl solution added 1.5% dihydroxyethyl tallow base Amine oxide and 1.5% tallow dimethyl ammonium chloride can increase the consistency to 1Pa·S.

Ha pokello ea amine oxide e feta mofuta o itseng, ho theoa karolo e teteaneng haholo ea bohareng. Le ha mocheso o ka nyoloha, o ke ke oa fetoloa ho ba mohato oa mobile oa isotropic. Ka hona, ha amine oxide e hlahisoa, ka kakaretso ho ka fumanoa tharollo ea metsi a 30% feela, eo ho leng thata ho e fumana Bakeng sa lihlahisoa tse nang le likhahla tse phahameng, li-anionic surfactants li tlameha ho eketsoa ho fumana likhakanyo tse phahameng tsa lihlahisoa tsa ammonium oxide.

Ts'ebetsong le li-anionic surfactants

Ts'ebetso ea amine oxide amphoteric surfactants e batla e le bobebe. Li-anionic surfactants le li-oxide tsa amine li sebelisoa palo e kholo ea lisebelisoa tsa sesepa ho fokotsa ho teneha ha bahlaseli ba anionic le ho fumana litlamorao tse ikhethang. Ha pokello ea amine oxide e le tlase ho cmc, ho kopanya le li-anionic surfactants ho theha anion le cations ho tla eketsa pH ea pula, e bakoang ke tloaelo ea protonation ea amine oxide; ho cmc, tse peli li etsa micelles e tsoakaneng; e phahameng ho cmc, anion e entsoeng le matsoai a cation a qhibilihisoa ka har'a li-micelles tse tsoakaneng.

Ha pH≥8, amine oxide e bonts'a litšobotsi tse seng tsa ionic mme e ka kopantsoe le anion; ha pH≤8, tšebelisano le anion e tla hlahisa sebaka se sa senyeheng, se hlahisang pula; ha pH≤6, ka bobeli li kopantsoe ka sekhahla se loketseng. Amine oxide le anionic surfactant lia kopana ho theha sehlopha sa anion-cation ho theha tharollo e hlakileng. Ka nako ena, letsoai la anion-cation le qhibiliha ka har'a li-micelles tse fetelletseng tse sebetsang. Haeba dimethyl amine oxide e sebelisoa sebakeng sa dimethyl amine oxide, khokahano e tla ba betere; haeba e nkeloa sebaka ke amine oxide e nang le likarolo tsa polyoxyethylene ether, phello e tla ba eona e ntle ka ho fetisisa.

(5) Chefo ea 'mele

Amine oxide ke ntho e seng chefo kapa e nang le chefo e tlase. Tharollo ea lihlahisoa tsa khoebo e na le ho halefa ho hoholo letlalong la mebutlanyana, 'me mahlo a halefisa ka mokhoa o itekanetseng. Ho 2% ea mahloriso, ha ho na ho halefa; e fepiloe le ho koaheloa ka alkyl dimethyl ka lilemo tse peli. Amine oxide, ha ho na carcinogenesis e bakoang ke amine oxide e fumanoeng. Biodegradability ea amine oxide e ntle, 88% e ka senyeha kamora libeke tse 2 le 93% libekeng tse 4. Amine oxide ha e le hantle ha e na chefo ebile e halefisa letlalo le mahlo haholo. Ho latela tlaleho ea KLein: LD50 ea amine oxide ke 2000mg / kg ～ 6000mg / kg, e batlang e lekana le LD50 ea letsoai la tafole ea 4000mg / kg. Ha e kopantsoe le lisebelisoa tse ling tse sebetsang, amine oxide e na le thepa e thibelang ho halefa mme e ka sebelisoa ho shampoo e thibelang dandruff ho fokotsa ho teneha ha ZPT. Ntle le moo, ka li-shampoo tsa asiti le tharollo ea asiti, amine oxide e ka sebelisana le lihlopha tsa carboxyl mahetleng a moriri le a letlalo. E ka hlophisa moriri, ea fokotsa ho tsukutleha, ea ba bonolo ho kopanya khekhe, 'me ea ntlafatsa letlalo ho ba thata.

(6) Lithibela-mafu

Alkyl amine oxide e na le ts'ebetso e itseng ea lithibela-mafu, empa ha e fihle matla a matla a baktheria a letsoai la quaternary ammonium. Leha ho le joalo, lihlahisoa tsa lebese le nang le amine oxide li na le thepa ea tsona ea likokoana-hloko, e ka thibelang kholo ea hlobo le ho boloka tšebetso e phahameng litharollong tse hlapollang haholo. . Li-oxide tse ling tsa amine li bile li bontša thepa e phahameng ea bactericidal, 'me li sebelisoa ka sesepa joalo ka libactericidal deodorants, esita le libaktheria tse nang le iodine li etselitsoe ho eketsa ho qhibiliha le botsitso ba iodine, le ho bapala karolo ea ho nyopa le ho kopanya. Har'a tsona, phello ea dodecyl dimethyl amine oxide ho thibela kholo ea Staphylococcus aureus e lekana le ea cationic surfactant e ts'oanang, ha ts'ebetso ea sterilization ea li-oxide tse ling tsa amine e batla e fokola.

(7) Ho hanyetsa

Amine oxide e na le tšekamelo e phahameng ea tlhaho, 'me e ka theha filimi e ts'oanang e tsoelang pele holim'a fiber kapa lehoakhoa, ka hona e na le litšobotsi tse ntle tsa antistatic. Ha e bapisoa le mahlahana a mang a antistatic, tšobotsi ea eona e kholo ke phetoho le mongobo oa tikoloho, Phello ea antistatic e na le phetoho e nyane, mme e bonts'a ts'ebetso e ntle ea antistatic leha e le tlase ho mongobo o tlase. Amine oxide e boetse e na le botsitso bo itseng ba mocheso le mafura a hantle, e ka tsamaellana le litlolo tse tloaelehileng, li-emulsifiers le li-antistatic tse ling, 'me e bonolo ho e sebelisa.

(8) Antioxidant

Amine oxide ha e khone ho ba teng feela tharollong ea hypochlorite ka boeona, empa e boetse e thusa li-surfactants tse ling ho tsitsisa hypochlorite, ka hona e sebelisoa haholo ho hloekisa le ho thibela likokoana-hloko.