Ka ho teba ho tsoelang pele ha lipatlisiso tsa nts'etsopele le ts'ebeliso ea li-surfactants, mefuta ea eona ea ts'ebeliso le eona ea hola. Hajoale, li-surfactant e se e le tsona likarolo tsa mantlha tsa sesepa, hape li na le lits'ebetso tse ngata tsa bohlokoa ho litlolo, joalo ka ho emulsifying, ho qhalakanya, ho qhibilihisa, ho fa foam le ho hloekisa litlolo.

1) Emulsification

Ketsahalo e ts'oanang ea emulsifying e sa qhibilihang ka har'a metsi ka metsing ho theha emulsion e bitsoa emulsification. Li-emulsifiers li sebelisoa haholo tlhahiso ea litlolo le litlolo litlolo. Khalase e tloaelehileng ea phofo le tranelate e sa nke lehlakore ka bobeli ke li-emulsion tsa mofuta oa 0 / W, tse ka emulsified ka sesepa sa anionic emulsifier fatty acid (sesepa). Ho bonolo ho lokisa li-emulsion ka oli e nyane ka sesepa emulsification, 'me phello ea sesepa e ka etsa hore e be le viscosity e kholo. Bakeng sa litlolo tse batang tse nang le oli e ngata, li-emulsion hangata ke mofuta oa O / O, 'me lanolin ea tlhaho e nang le monko o moholo oa metsi le viscosity e phahameng e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa emulsification. Hajoale, emulsifier e se nang ionic e sebelisoang ka ho fetesisa ke hore emulsifier eo e seng ea ionic e bolokehile ebile e halefisitsoe hanyane. Sesebelisoa se tsebahalang sa sorbitan fatty acid ester (Span) le ethylene oxide adduct (Tween) ke li-emulsifiers tse ngata tse se nang ionic. Span ke lipophilic 'me Tween ke hydrophilic,' me tse peli li tsoakane. E sebelisoa ho li-emulsions tsa O / W, e ka theha li-emulsions ka botsitso bo botle le kamano e phahameng ea letlalo.

2) Solubilization

Ketsahalo e makatsang ea ho eketsa ho qhibiliha ha lintho tse qhibilihang butle kapa tse sa qhalaneng e bitsoa solubilization. Ha surfactant e kenyelletsoa metsing, tsitsipano ea metsi e tla theoha haholo qalong, ebe kamora moo ho theoa mamolek'hule a limolek'hule tse sebetsang. Khokahano ea motho ea sebetsang ka mahahapa e sebelisetsoang ho theha micelles e bitsoa mohopolo o boima oa micelle. Ha mohopolo oa motho ea sebetsanang le ho sebetsa o fihlella maqhubu a mahlonoko a micelle, micelle e ka monya oli kapa likaroloana tse tiileng pheletsong e 'ngoe ea setsi sa lipophilic, ka hona ea eketsa ho qhibiliha ha ntho e qhibilihang kapa e sa qhibiliheng.

Motsoako oa litlolo o sebelisoa haholo ho hlahiseng litlolo, moriri le moriri. Li-surfactants tse sebelisoang e le li-solubilizer li lokela ho ba le hydrophilicity e phahameng, HLB> 15, joalo ka polyoxyethylene oli e thata ea castor, oli ea polyoxyethylene castor, mafura a joala polyoxyethylene ether, mafura a joala polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene Ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester le polyglycerin fatty acid.

Lisebelisoa tsa oli litlolo, joalo ka monko o monate, lioli le livithamini tse qhibilihang ka oli, li na le libopeho tse fapaneng tsa solubilization ka lebaka la phapang ea sebopeho le polarity. Ka hona, li-surfactants tse loketseng li lokela ho khethoa e le li-solubilizers. Mohlala, lintho tsa solubilization tsa lotion ke litlolo tse nkhang hamonate, lioli le meriana, jj. Kahoo alkyl polyoxyethylene ethers e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa solubilization. Le ha alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers (mofuta oa OP, mofuta oa TX) e na le bokhoni bo matla ba ho qhibilihisa, e tena mahlo 'me ha e sebelisoe hangata. Ntle le moo, lihlahisoa tsa amphoteric tse nang le oli ea castor li na le ho qhibiliha ho hoholo ho lioli tsa monko o monate le lioli tsa meroho, 'me li-surfactants tse joalo ha li tene mahlo' me li loketse ho hlophisoa ha li-shampoo tse sa teneheng le litlolo tse ling.

3) Ho hasana

Ketsahalo eo ho eona lintho tse sa keneleng metsi li thehang likaroloana ka boemo bo qhalakaneng ka metsing li bitsoa ho hasana. Tsamaiso ea ho hasana ea litlolo e kenyelletsa likarolo tse tharo: phofo, solvent le dispersant. Phofo e ka aroloa ka mefuta e 'meli: li-pigment tse sa sebetseng (joalo ka talc, mica, titanium dioxide, carbon black, jj) le li-pigment tsa manyolo (joalo ka phthalocyanine putsoa, ​​jj.), Haholoholo ho etsa litlolo li be le molumo o motle oa' mala, li ka khona koahela 'mala o ka morao,' me u sebelise hantle Li-solvents li arotsoe ka mefuta e 'meli: e nang le metsi le e se nang metsi. Libaka tse hasang tse sebelisoang e le media ke hydrophilic (e sebetsa ho sistimi ea metsi) le lipophilic (e sebetsa ho litsamaiso tse se nang metsi). Ka hona, sistimi e na le likarolo tse ngata.

Li-surfactants tse ngata tse sebelisoang ho li-dispersants ke li-emulsifiers le li-dispersers, joalo ka mafura a joala a polyoxyethylene ethers, sorbitan fatty acid esters, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether phosphates, alkyl ether carboxylates le alkyl ether. Li-sulfonate, jj. Kaofela li na le thepa e ntle e qhalakantsoeng. E le hore phofo e qhalane ka botlalo ka mokelikeli, mokelikeli o tlameha ho khona ho kolobisa bokaholimo ba phofo hantle. Ka hona, ha u khetha motho ea sebetsanang le ho sebetsa hampe, qala ka ho nahana ka HLB ea bokaholimo ba phofo le sehare sa ho hasana. Ka kakaretso, ha ho sebelisoa li-powophilic powders lits'ebetsong tse thehiloeng metsing, li-hydrophilic surfactants li lokela ho sebelisoa haholoholo.

4) Ho hloekisa phello

Lihlahisoa tsa hau tse sebelisetsoang ho hloekisa haholo li kenyelletsa shampoo, shaoara le sesepa sa sefahleho. Ntle le ts'ebetso ea ho hloekisa, ho fafatsa le ho etsa hore mongobo o be bobebe, ntho e ka sehloohong eo ho nahanoang haholo ka eona ke bonolo ho letlalo. Sena se hloka hore motho ea sebetsanang le surfactant a se ke a senya lisele tsa epidermal, ha a ame protheine ea letlalo, hape ha a phunyeletse kapa ho phunyeletsa letlalo. Ho boloka oli ea letlalo le letlalo ka bolona le le maemong a tloaelehileng.

Li-surfactant tsa Anionic li na le nalane e telele ea ho hloekisa. Sesepa sa sesepa ha se tšoane le lisepa tse ling. Sodium lauryl sulphate ke sesebelisoa se sebelisoang hangata ho hloekisa litlolo, e ka etsa hore letlalo le fihlelle phello e ntle ea ho hloekisa. Li-surfactants tsa amphoteric, imidazoline, cocamidopropyl betaine le amino acid kaofela ke li-surfactants tse bonolo, hape ke likarolo tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa ho hlophisa lihlahisoa tse hlatsoang sefahleho tse phahameng, li-shampoo tsa tlhokomelo ea moriri le li-shampoo tsa masea.

5) Bonolo le antistatic e le hantle

Li-surfactants tsa Cationic Ke li-conditioner tsa mantlha tsa lihlahisoa tsa ho lokisa moriri joalo ka li-conditioner le li-conditioner. Ba na le bonolo bo bonolo le bokhoni ba antistatic mme ba bapala karolo e ikhethang ho li-conditioner tse nolofatsang moriri. E sebelisoang haholocationic surfactants ke monoalkyl le dialkyl quaternary letsoai la ammonium, e leng C16-18 monoalkyl ammonium salts, habeli C16-18 alkyl quaternary letsoai la ammonium le alkylbenzyl letsoai la ammonium. Nako e sa lekanyetsoang,octyl dimethyl quaternary ammonium letsoai le letsoai la 3-cetyl methyl ammonium, matsoai ana a quaternary ammonium a na le litlamorao tse ntle ho khekheng e ommeng, khekheng e metsi le ho koala moriri. Haufinyane, ntho e hohelang ka ho fetesisa ke letsoai la quaternary la ammonium le tsoang ho lanolin fatty acid. Ha e halefise haholo ebile e na le polokelo ea metsi le lits'ila tsa lanolin le litšobotsi tsacationic surfactants, e ka fanang ka moriri o mongobo le o ikhethang o ts'oanang le bonolo.

6) Ho kolobisa le ho kenella

Joalo ka litlolo, ha lia tlameha ho ba le litlamorao feela tsa botle, empa hape le ho ikutloa li phutholohile li bile li le bonolo ha li sebelisoa. Tsena ha li arohane le phello ea metsi a li-surfactants. Ntlheng ena, li-biosurfactants li fihletse litholoana tse ntle. E le karolo ea bohlokoa ea lisele tsa bioloji, li-phospholipids li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho metabolism ea sele le taolo ea lisele tsa lisele, hape li na le poloko e ntle ea mongobo le ho kenella letlalong la motho. Li-biosurfactants tsa Sophorolipid li na le kamano e ikhethang le letlalo, e ka etsang hore letlalo le be bonolo ebile le mongobo. Ho sebelisa synthesis ea biochemical le mekhoa e meng ho lokisa metsoako e sebetsang ea biochemical le lihlahisoa tsa vithamine, litokisetso tsa enzyme, lisosa tsa kholo ea sele (EGF, DFGF), collagen, elastin, ceramide le hyaluronic acid, jj, lintho tsena li ka sebelisoa ho litlolo. E kenella letlalong, e nka karolo ho metabolism ea lisele tsa letlalo le lisele, e fetola sebopeho sa lisele tsa letlalo, jj, ho fihlela litlamorao tsa anti-wrinkle, anti-botsofali le bosoeu.